The deadly attack on U.S. soldiers in Niger and their local counterparts in October has highlighted a range of issues for Congress to address. This includes oversight and authorization of U.S. military deployments, evolving U.S. global counterterrorism activities and strategy, interagency security assistance and cooperation efforts, and U.S. engagement with countries historically considered peripheral to core U.S. national security interests. This report provides background information in response to frequently asked questions on the U.S. military’s involvement in Niger and identifies potential issues for Congress to address.